The Order of the Red Banner (Орден Красного Знамени) was the first military decoration of Soviet Russia, established on 16 September 1918 by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Awarded for extraordinary heroism, dedication, and courage demonstrated on the battlefield, it was initially the highest Soviet military honor until the Order of Lenin was introduced in 1930. This order remained a cornerstone of Soviet military recognition throughout its history.
Specifications
Dimensions: 46.15 mm (height) x 37.90 mm (width)
Number: 304352 (indicating its unique serial number, assigned to each individual award)
Maker's Mark: Montery Dvor Mint, inscribed on the reverse, identifying it as an authentic piece produced by the Leningrad Mint.
Design Features
Obverse:
Central Red Banner: Prominently displays a red enamel banner, the defining element of the decoration, symbolizing revolutionary ideals.
Hammer and Sickle: Emblematic of the union between workers and peasants, central to Soviet ideology.
Wreath of Laurel and Oak Leaves: Encircling the banner, symbolizing victory and strength.
Enamel Detailing: High-quality red enamel accentuates the banner, with silver and gilded accents to highlight the surrounding elements.
Reverse:
Plain, with the serial number (304352) engraved, and the Montery Dvor Mint marking, certifying its origin.
Early issues often have finer detailing and precise engraving.
Historical Context
Russian Civil War Origins:
Established during the Russian Civil War (1917–1922) to honor soldiers and leaders who displayed exceptional bravery and heroism in combat.
Prominent Recipients:
Early recipients were commanders and Red Army soldiers pivotal to Soviet victories in the Civil War, including figures like Mikhail Frunze and Kliment Voroshilov.
During World War II, the Order was awarded extensively for acts of valor on the Eastern Front.
The Order of the Red Banner, numbered 304352, is an emblematic piece of Soviet military history, symbolizing courage, dedication, and revolutionary ideals. Its distinctive design, historical significance, and mint certification (Montery Dvor Mint) make it a prized collectible for military historians and enthusiasts of Soviet-era decorations. Whether awarded for combat valor or long service, this medal reflects the enduring legacy of the Red Army and the Soviet Union’s military traditions.